Category Archives: How to

Tolino Shine 3

Tolino Shine 3: TWRP without modifications

How to, Tolino Shine 3,

References

Disclaimer

I am not responsible if you brick / ruin your device in any way. Basic computer skills required. Proceed with caution. I cannot be held responsible if anything goes wrong.

Prerequisites

I’m working on Ubuntu 21.10.

sudo apt install fastboot

Procedure

  1. download TWRP built bu Ryogo-Z https://github.com/Ryogo-Z/tolino_shine3_twrp/releases/download/3.3.1/twrp.img
  2. power off Tolino

  3. on the pc type

    fastboot boot twrp.img

  4. connect usb cable

  5. keep pushed the button for about 30s

  6. on the pc, you’ll see

    $ fastboot boot twrp.img
< waiting for any device >
Sending 'boot.img' (7830 KB)                       OKAY [  0.286s]
Booting                                            OKAY [  0.003s]
Finished. Total time: 0.311s

  7. on the device, you’ll see

Software install of Espurna on Sonoff Mini

ESP8266, Hardware, How to, ,

UPDATE starting from firmware 3.5.0 it’s totally different, see http://developers.sonoff.tech/sonoff-diy-mode-api-protocol.html

It’s possible to flash Espurna on the Sonoff Mini using Diy mode via software.

What you need

  • A Sonoff Mini
  • A mobile device capable of creating an Access Point and which can install eWelink app
  • A PC:
    • with Wi-Fi
    • running GNU/Linux (I used Ubuntu 19.10)
    • with a running web server
    • with git installed

Procedure

Here’s the steps I took to do it:

  1. Download and compile Espurna

    $ mkdir ~/project
$ cd ~/project
$ git clone https://github.com/xoseperez/espurna
$ cd espurna/code
$ pio run -e itead-sonoff-mini

  2. Install and configure eWelink app

  3. Update Sonoff Mini firmware (currently the latest version is 3.3.0, I’ve read you need 3.1.0 at least)

  4. Shutdown the device (detach it from mains current)

  5. Enable OTA OTA port
  6. Create an Access Point with your phone. These must be the parameters:
    • SSID: snonffDiy
    • pre shared key (password): 20170618sn
    • band: 2.4 GHz
  7. Boot the device (attach it to mains current)
  8. Wait until it connects to the AP (the blue led double pulses)
  9. Connect the PC to the same Wi-Fi

  10. Search for the Sonoff Mini device on the Wi-Fi network

    $ avahi-browse -t -r _ewelink._tcp
+ wlp1s0 IPv4 eWeLink_10009b8ed6                            _ewelink._tcp        local
= wlp1s0 IPv4 eWeLink_10009b8ed6                            _ewelink._tcp        local
   hostname = [eWeLink_10009b8ed6.local]
   address = [192.168.43.200]
   port = [8081]
   txt = ["data1={"switch":"off","startup":"off","pulse":"off","pulseWidth":500,"rssi":-29}" "seq=1" "apivers=1" "type=diy_plug" "id=10009b8ed6" "txtvers=1"]

    Keep track of the deviceid which is, in my case, 1009b8ed6.

  11. Test if everything works as expected

    $ curl -XPOST --data '{ "deviceid": "10009b8ed6", "data": {} }' http://192.168.43.200:8081/zeroconf/info; echo
{"seq":2,"error":0,"data":"{\"switch\":\"off\",\"startup\":\"off\",\"pulse\":\"off\",\"pulseWidth\":500,\"ssid\":\"sonoffDiy\",\"otaUnlock\":false}"}

  12. Unlock OTA updates

    $ curl -XPOST --data '{ "deviceid": "10009b8ed6", "data": {} }' http://192.168.43.200:8081/zeroconf/ota_unlock; echo
{"seq":2,"error":0}

  13. Put file in a web server

    $ cd ~/public_html
$ cp ~/project/espurna/code/.pio/build/itead-sonoff-mini/firmware.bin .
$ chmod a+r firmware.bin

  14. Test url

    $ curl -s http://192.168.43.53/~max/firmware.bin --output - | sha256sum
e9e7d72d2c2a8b25678cab7ded20645c5e37c60459cbe6ba1448ed3a62f72b72
$ sha256sum ~/public_html/max/firmware.bin
e9e7d72d2c2a8b25678cab7ded20645c5e37c60459cbe6ba1448ed3a62f72b72  firmware.bin

    You will need the sha256sum value in a minute.

  15. Do the OTA, keep attention to use the right deviceid, sha256sum and ip values

    $ curl -XPOST --data '{ "deviceid": "10009b8ed6", "data": { "downloadUrl": "http://192.168.43.53/~max/firmware.bin", "sha256sum": "e9e7d72d2c2a8b25678cab7ded20645c5e37c60459cbe6ba1448ed3a62f72b72" } }' http://192.168.43.200:8081/zeroconf/ota_flash; echo
{"seq":3,"error":0}

Done.

References

Cross compile fstrim for Android on Ubuntu 18.10

Android, How to, ,

Install compiler

$ sudo apt install gcc-arm-linux-gnueabi

Get sources and compile

$ apt source util-linux
$ cd util-linux-*
$ ./autogen.sh
$ ./configure --host=arm-linux-gnueabi CFLAGS="-static"
$ make LDFLAGS="--static" fstrim
# OK with warnings

Check

$ file fstrim
fstrim: ELF 32-bit LSB executable, ARM, EABI5 version 1 (SYSV), statically linked, for GNU/Linux 3.2.0, BuildID[sha1]=5f6d5789d8c27197fb5fadbc18f5cd506b330dc4, with debug_info, not stripped

Turn on Wi-Fi on Netgear Nighthawk D7000 using telnet

Hardware, How to, , , ,

This procedure works even if the physical button on the device has been pressed to shut down Wi-Fi.

Enable telnet

Assuming your device’s IP is 192.168.1.1:

$ wget --quiet --user=admin --password='password' -O- http://192.168.1.1/setup.cgi?todo=debug; echo

Enter the device

$ telnet 192.168.1.1
Trying 192.168.1.1...
Connected to 192.168.1.1.
Escape character is '^]'.
D7000 login: admin
Password: 
#

Set physical button on

# nvram set wifi_btn_on=1

Restart WLAN

# /usr/sbin/rc_app/rc_wlan start

Install UBCD on a bootable USB stick

How to, Uncategorized, ,
Ultimate Boot CD was a really good tool when I worked as a sysadmin and I thought it was a good thing to keep a USB stick around.

Download UBCD

There are several options to download a copy of UBCD iso, all listed on the dedicated page. A good way is to use torrent (here’s the magnet link).

Indetify your USB device

Please be careful here, if you are wrong, you are going to delete the wrong disk.
I’m not responsible of any data you loose.

There are few ways to detect the right USB device, I usually take a look do dmesg output

$ dmesg | grep -A8 'Direct-Access'
[  844.712601] scsi 6:0:0:0: Direct-Access     Generic  Flash Disk       8.07 PQ: 0 ANSI: 2
[  844.713050] sd 6:0:0:0: Attached scsi generic sg2 type 0
[  844.716347] sd 6:0:0:0: [sdc] 15663104 512-byte logical blocks: (8.01 GB/7.46 GiB)
[  844.716774] sd 6:0:0:0: [sdc] Write Protect is off
[  844.716780] sd 6:0:0:0: [sdc] Mode Sense: 03 00 00 00
[  844.716969] sd 6:0:0:0: [sdc] No Caching mode page found
[  844.716972] sd 6:0:0:0: [sdc] Assuming drive cache: write through
[  844.719175]  sdc: sdc1
[  844.720364] sd 6:0:0:0: [sdc] Attached SCSI removable disk

In this case I’m sure that the device is sdc because I’ve only one disk with 8GB of storage.

I’ll use sdc in this document, you should use your device name, it’s really important.

Format the USB stick

Be sure that the OS you are running have not automatically mounted any previous partition on the stick:

$ sudo umount /dev/sdc*

Then you could use GParted or do it manually as I like.

$ sudo parted -s /dev/sdc mklabel msdos
$ sudo parted -s /dev/sdc mkpart primary fat32 0 700
$ sudo parted -s /dev/sdc set 1 boot on
$ sudo mkfs.vfat -F32 /dev/sdc1
$ sudo parted -s /dev/sdc print
Model: Generic Flash Disk (scsi)
Disk /dev/sdc: 8020MB
Sector size (logical/physical): 512B/512B
Partition Table: msdos
Disk Flags:

Number  Start  End    Size   Type     File system  Flags
 1      512B   700MB  700MB  primary               boot, lba

Extract ISO data on a folder

$ mkdir ubcd534
$ sudo mount -o loop,ro ubcd534.iso /mnt/misc/
$ rsync -avr /mnt/misc/ ubcd534/
$ sudo umount /mnt/misc

Copy ISO data to USB

$ sudo mount /dev/sdc1 /mnt/misc/
$ sudo rsync -rtv ubcd534/ /mnt/misc/
$ sudo umount /dev/sdc1

Make the USB device bootable

$ cd ubcd534/ubcd/tools/linux/ubcd2usb
$ chmod +x syslinux
$ sudo ./syslinux -s -d /boot/syslinux -i /dev/sdc1